Smart bandage for monitoring and treatment of chronic wounds
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A smart flexible wound dressing with integrated temperature and pH sensors onto flexible bandages that monitor wound status in real‐time is engineered for the treatment of chronic wounds. The platform maintains a conformal contact with skin and enables on demand and tunable drug delivery by controlling the hydrogel temperature.
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pH sensor with NFC for monitoring of wound infection
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A non-invasive, flexible, and wireless pH sensing system for monitoring wound healing progress and identifying the possibility of infection at an early stage. The device consists of a disposable, flexible pH sensor interfaced with a custom-designed, flexible, battery-less and reusable wireless (13.5 MHz, near field communication) data transmitting platform. The sensing electrodes are fabricated by low-cost direct laser scribing of ITO films, resulting in optically transparent sensors which allows for visual inspection of the wound. The sensor accurately measures a physiologically relevant range of pH 4–10 with an average sensitivity of −55 mV/pH.
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Printed pH sensor array for wound assessment
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The pH level in a chronic wound bed is a key indicative parameter for assessment of the healing progress. Due to fragility and inability to measure multiple wound regions simultaneously, commercial glass microelectrodes are not well-suited for spatial mapping of the wound pH. To address this issue, we present an inexpensive flexible array of pH sensors fabricated on a polymer-coated commercial paper (palette paper). Each sensor consists of two screen-printed electrodes, an Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a carbon electrode coated with a conductive proton-selective polymeric (polyaniline, PANI) membrane.
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A Paper-Based Oxygen Generation and Sensing Platform
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A flexible, parchment paper/PDMS based platform for local wound oxygenation is fabricated and characterized. The platform consists of a PDMS microfluidic network bonded to a parchment paper substrate. Generation of oxygen occurs by flowing H2O2 through the channels and chemically decomposing it via a catalyst embedded in laser-defined regions of the parchment paper. PDMS is bonded to parchment paper using partially cured PDMS followed by a brief air plasma treatment, resulting in a strong bond. For pressures below 110 Torr the parchment paper is observed to be impermeable to water and hydrogen peroxide. The oxygen permeability of parchment paper is measured to be 1.42 μL/(Torr mm2 min).
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Wearable paper based perspiration monitoring platform
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Hydration in humans is a delicate parameter. Even small deviations such as 2 percent from normal levels can affect a person’s cognitive and physical performance by more than 30 percent.Conventional methods for monitoring hydration are either invasive, require non-portable equipment or do not yield results immediately. Feedback from many experts including marathon directors, the Ironman World Championship, Olympic triathlon athletes and many collegiate and professional coaches, athletes, race directors and EMTs, followed by intensive product development in the lab has resulted in the prototype of a palm-size patch consists of filter paper that is laser-machined to create a radial array of strips, which are laminated with a water-impermeable film to form micro-channels. The channels are loaded with a water-activated dye at one end. As sweat secretion increases, the strips are activated sequentially, changing from blue to red and providing easily identifiable levels of moisture loss.
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